Saturday, April 27, 2013

What Linux Distribution should I put on my other hard drive partion?

Q. I have to hard drive partions, with one partion being Windows XP, and the other getting ready for Linux. I am wondering what Linux distribution I should use. The computer I use is for Home use, like homework, web browsing, ect... Any suggestions?

A. I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 7 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 9.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 7 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=38

Linux Mint 7 User Guide
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15884753/Linux-Mint-7-Gloria-User-Guide

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 7 (Gloria)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-7-gloria

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 7 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 7 can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive

INSTALL LINUX MINT WITHIN WINDOWS

Linux Mint has a feature called mint4win based on the Wubi installer (Ubuntu) http://wubi-installer.org/ which enables you to install Linux Mint within windows (Windows 7 run mint4win in vista compatability mode)

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win like Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the LiveCD you have just created and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where mint4win comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

Installing a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

CURRENT SESSION

Linux Mint 6 ext3 with switchable Beryl 0.2.1* and Compiz 0.7.8
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=31
http://www.scribd.com/doc/21224431/Linux-Mint-6-Felicia-Official-Users-Guide
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-6-felicia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryl_%28window_manager%29
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiz
*Beryl 0.2.1 sourced from Ubuntu 7.04 repositories


LUg.

What is the Linux distribution that you can boot directly from CD and run without installation?
Q. I once had a 1-CD Linux distribution. I could boot from the CD and run the OS without installing it on the hard drive. It is very useful when you want to do some experiments in Linux but don't want to mess up with all the (Windows) stuff on the hard drive. I forgot the name of the distribution. Can anybody tell me? Thanks!

A. it's called Knoppix. go here: www.knoppix.org

There's also a distribution of Linspire (which has a similar interface to windows) which can be run live but it is not free like knoppix.

What is a good Linux distribution for a flash drive?
Q. I want a Linux distribution to install to my 8gb flash drive that is light on system resources. (I will be running it on older computers and speed is a must.)

I don't want something like Puppy Linux because you are always running as root and I'm concerned with security. No DSL either. I have had graphics problems with that one on some of my computers.

All help is appreciated! Thanks in advance.

A. am recommend u to ubuntu is best of the best if u want ubunt give me a call on 09894815959



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Hard disk space required for red hat enterprise Linux 5?

Q. I want to install red hat enterprise Linux 5 on a new partition, but I don't know how much space it would require, any ideas?

A. You can run RHEL on as small as 5GB of HD space but I strongly recommend having at least 20GB dedicated to RHEL (very few modern OS can function efficiently with less then 20GB for files, programs, etc).

How can i uninstall linux from my pc and switch to windows?
Q. After modifying my BIOS I installed 'red hat- enterprise linux 5'. I had to enable the hard disk drive mode into RAID from IDE before installing. Now when i attempted to install windows, i turned the hard disk mode into IDE from RAID. But when i entered the windows installation cd, there is no installation page displayed. Please help!!!

A. What DO you see on your screen when you use the windows cd?
Is your bios set to boot from cd?
If all else fails google for dos boot disk and one of those would let you reformat and partition you hard drive. THen try the windows cd again.
Good luck

Which is easier to install and why, Windows 2003 Server of Red Hat Enterprise Linux?
Q. I'm doing a little research into the ease of installation of the two primary server OS's, Linux Red Hat Enterprise 5 and Windows Server 2003.
I meant to say Windows 2003 Server or Red Hat Enterprise.
Which one is the least complicated to install?

A. This depends entirely on what you're doing with the systems and what CDs you are using with what kind of patch level incorporated into them. While I have not installed RHE 5, I've installed linux a number of times and it can be fairly easy... but then again, so can windows. The question then becomes what other services you want/need. And frankly, this also depends on what you are familiar with. If you've done the RHE isntall 25 times, then you know it well and it should be quick and easy. Likewise if you've done the Windows install 25 times, then it should be quick and easy. Otherwise, it's going to take longer in both cases.



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How to connect to a linux vps with centOS using SSH?

Q. Title says it all, how do i connect to my linux vps (running CentOS) using SSH?
What program do i have to use? because PuTTY doesn't work, just doesn't let me type in a password
can anyone help?

A. Hi Mace,

PuTTY is the best client to connect.

I know about the password thing because even i face that.

Actually in real, it does takes input of password from the user but it won't show anything.

So when it asks for the password, just put the right password and press enter, and it will connect you to your server :)

Where could i find the most reliable and cheapest VPS on market?
Q. Linux VPS on market. Want no ads but real experience.

A. below are the sites for you to consider :
Chironcloud.com - if you want the best ROI and small investment vs. perfect performance.
Softlayer.com - traditional tycoon , could consider if you want investment over 1K.
LSTN limestone- based in Taxes, good for dedi choice.

Where I can find cheap VPN installation service on my server?
Q. I have a Linux VPS and want to install VPN on it to share it's internet connection but I can't do it myself. Where I can find a good and cheap service to install and configure a VPN server for me?

A. First of all make sure that your hosting company allow it.
you can check this site for freelancers http://www.getafreelancer.com/

you can try installing openVPN (http://openvpn.net/), here are some steps
http://www.crucialp.com/blog/tag/vps/

contact me if you need more help



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Are there any decent tutorials on making a Windows 8 live usb?

Q. I have a windows 8 consumer preview iso that I'd like to be able too boot from just like a linux live usb.

A. This is a good video tutorial:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LDAMQK_e74
Works just like the linux live usb.

How to save Linux Live CD files on your hard drive?
Q. Is it possible to save Linux Live CD files on your hard drive of the computer you are using it on so it doesnt get erased everytime you take the disc out? If so please explain, thanks. :)

A. Hi
Just use puppy linux frugal install.
Just start the puppy cd burnt to a cd from the iso downloaded from the puppy site.
Then do a frugal install from the universal installer found in menu>>setup.
This will place 6 files of total 140MB on to your windows drive.
When you close down you can make a save file.
Just pop in the puppy cd into the drive and the files will be booted from your hard drive. No cd in drive = windows.
There is no need to install grub or format your drive until you have more experience.

Which is the smallest Linux distro which can read ntfs partitions?
Q. I need to recover some files from my windows installation using a linux live cd. I have some imp documents in c: which i need to copy into a pen drive. Which will be the most suitable linux for this purpose?

A. You could use Puppy linux.
You could also use a Windows "live cd" such as Bart's PE.



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What would it take to make you change from Windows to Linux?

Q. Personally I would switch tomorrow if all of the software I used was compatible with Linux.

I hope that with the average person coming out of school being more computer savy these days we will see more and more software developers releasing Linux versions.
I have tried Linux in the past and wasn't very fond of it, at that time I was not aware of all the different types available such as Red Hat and Ubuntu. There are versions out there easy to get to grips with and similar to Windows.

A. A direct port of Microsoft Office not a watered down version like they made for Mac. I have tried open office I don't like it.

More automation, I would like to be abe to double click an install file and have it install - I hate hate HATE using the Linux command terminal it is like pulling teeth.

A better IM client I think kMess and GAIM are crap - and a better music player I don't like amarok and WinAmp style media players I just don't like them and I won't 'get used to them over time'.

Did I mention how much I hate using the terminal?

Better games, Linux supports OpenGL and has tonnes of C++ compilers etc, there really is no excuse for not having better games.

Faster boot times, every version of Linux I have tried took ages to boot and my PC isn't exactly low spec, its got a Core 2 Duo @ 1.83ghz with 2 gigs of RAM it shouldn't take so long to boot.

And finally I really like to nosey around and change things when I muck up Windows its easy to restore, Linux isn't I want better recovery options for when theings do go wong because the always do.

I don't ask for much really.

why is the UK version of yahoo home page defaulting to mobile in Linux versions of chrome?
Q. I'm using Ubuntu both i386 and 64bit and the latest version of chrome downloaded from Google its happening on several machines I'm using. Is there some kind of global account setting that would do this?

A. Does it happen when you are logged out or only when logged in?

Have you tried clearing your cache?

If it happens only when you login, it is an account setting.

If it goes away after clearing your cache, you may have visited a link to the mobile site and a cookie got set for it.

If it is happening when you are logged out and you have cleared your cache, it is probably related to your user agent.

You could use the following command to change your user agent to that of an IE9 browser:

google-chrome --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)"

If this fixes it, which it should, you would want to check your current user-agent and see if there is anything weird about it. Changing your user agent should only be a temporary solution, it can cause problems long term.

How to make a terminal executable file?
Q. If I wanted to run a command on either Mac or Linux by the click of a button (opening a file), what would I do? I'm looking for a Mac/Linux version of a .bat file.

A. Linux has shell scripts which are typically written in SH files. Since Macintosh and Linux are both based on Unix, I suppose Macintosh probably has exactly the same thing.



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How can i download old Unix operating system?

Q. Pls give me link for download unix operating system ..

A. You can't, they were propreitary... If you want a new one, FreeBSD is the closest you can get... Also, Linux isn't built from unix, just based on it, but it's much more advanced...

which operating systems are belongs to UNIX?
Q. I want to learn C-language on UNIX operating system. But I don't know which operating systems are belongs to UNIX.

A. I think you'd benefit from reading about POSIX

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX

What are the cons and prons of the following types of computer?
Q. - A Mac OS X with the latest software suite (Snow Leopard i think)
- A PC with the Unix operating system
- A PC with the latest version of the Windows OS (Windows 7)

I really need help with the first two since I have never used them before and a few links/websites would help.

A. Mac - overpriced, inferior hardware, you're locked into Apple hardware, anything other than running files takes knowledge of the Unix shell. There are no advantages.

Unix - you need a knowledge of Unix. No friendly wizards to do it for you. Same as a Mac. (Not surprising, since Mac OSX is FreeBSD, a Unix offshoot.)

Windows - easier to run for 99.99% of computer users. Disadvantage - ease of writing viruses for i, so the average computer user, not knowing how to not download viruses, downloads more of them.



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How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?

Q. How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?


Some links would be nice, Thanks!

A. you need to provide more information when you ask a question like this. Assuming you have windows xp installed on your computer:

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dual_boot_windows_xp_and_linux_xp_installed_first.htm

assuming you have vista installed

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dualboot_vista_with_linux_vista_installed_first.htm

How do you remove a Linux OS to install windows?
Q. I purchased a "used" computer from my company and it has a Linux OS on it. I would like to wipe it clean and install windows, but not sure how. Is there an easy way to do this?
I tried starting up with the windows 7 disk, in hopes it would just "over ride" the other, but no luck. The current OS is uBuntu...not sure if that makes a difference or not.

A. If you have a cd/dvd of the operating system you want, just put in on your optical drive
turn on your computer, press F8 or whatever button to change start up drive, change booth drive to your optical drive, save setting, exit and reboot.
Your computer will read your cd/dvd and will prompt you.
It will find your hard drive and ask you if you want to install it on that drive. (default C drive).
If you have a huge hard drive, you can partition your C drive to whatever size you want.
I prefer to assign only 50 Gig for drive C. Once the operating system is installed, I partition the remaining drive and use it as storage drive.
It fill format the drive and install your operating system.
Just follow the instructions of the install prompts.

If you are still having problems, use a separate computer, search for Hiren's boot cd in .iso format. Download and burn on cd/dvd. Just boot the cd in your used computer. It has a lot of partitioning programs you can choose to reformat your hard drive.

How does the Linux OS actually work?
Q. I have been researching the Linux OS, but I am still confused as to how the Linux OS actually works. Please explain this short and simply as I do tend to get flustered and it is one of those days. Thanks in advance.

A. Can you be more specific about what it is that confuses you? Linux is a pretty big OS (which comes in many flavours), so explaining it 'short and simply' is not easy...



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What are some self persistent forms of linux?

Q. I need a form of linux that is persistent, and preferably between 10-900 mb in size. Some examples are: Tiny Core, Slax, Ubuntu, and Damn Small Linux. (DSL)
Yeah sorry im using a FLASHDRIVE to do this

A. All versions of linux are persistent after they are installed on the hard drive.
This will let you install linux on a usb flash drive and provide some space to preserve the changes you make while using the flash drive.

Are these Linux distros useable as virtual hosts?
Q. Are there pre-built packages for, or guides to build, programs like Virtualbox on Damn Small Linux, Puppy Linux, or Tiny Core Linux? Or is there any low resource OS's that I haven't listed that would be better suited for the task of being a virtual host? I am wanting to try it out on my current pc before I build one specifically for virtualization.

Also, is it possible to stream a virtual OS from a server so that all the processing is done there and not on the client PC? ( kind of how certain rental companies stream a game to your computer, allowing you to play it, even if your computer doesn't meet the requirements.)

A. I presume you have a decent server so it can run big apps, so try Puppy, it's up to date and capable, unlike those others which might be missing things. Or try Bodhi, which is Ubuntu with a E17 desktop. Fast, and you've got all the Ubuntu repositories.

In Linux, how do I set a program to automatically start on boot-up?
Q. I'm running Tiny Core v3.4. I'd like for my Google Chrome to start up automatically on boot-up. I'd like the easiest, and most efficient way possible?

plz&thx

A. I have not used tiny core but some linux distros have a menu item that will let you automatically startup a program when you boot the computer. Some distros also have an option to restart any apps that are open when you shut down your system. If you select that option and leave chrome open when you shut down it will automatically startup on reboot.
Another possibility: in the link below scroll down to point 4. It explains how to startup some items.Add the name used to start chrome (chrome-browser probably) to the file.



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How can I install and replace the new Ubuntu Linux?

Q. Hello everyone !
I have Ubuntu Linux version 9.04 installed in one partition of my laptop. There's a newer better version that has just been released (10.04) And I want to install it, but at the same time replace the old one completely with the new installation.
What is the best way to do this ? The way that it's less error-prone, or the easiest way.

Note. I have Windows installed as well and I use GRUB for dual booting.

A. Ubuntu 10.04 at present is unstable

For the time being I would suggest staying with Ubuntu 9.04 or perhaps an upgrade to Ubuntu 9.10 both of which are fine releases

How To Upgrade Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) To 9.10 (Karmic Koala) (Desktop & Server)
http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-upgrade-ubuntu9.04-jaunty-jackalope-to-9.10-karmic-koala-desktop-and-server

Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) User Guide
http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu:Karmic


LUg.

What Ubuntu linux friendly scanner do I need?
Q. I am pondering and searching for a scanner which will be beneficial for hand drawn animation.

I need it to... :

be compatible with linux

be quick

great for scanning a lot of drawings

NOT distort or alter the quality of my drawings as I want to put the drawings into finished animation.

I am basically looking for a scanner which will work for my operating system; Ubuntu Linux, and give me the professional quality which you see with television aired 2d animation shows.

A. Well, I'm not exactly the expert on scanners, but what I've been using is an all-in-one HP Photosmart. I know the scanner is probably pretty junky, although good for my purposes, but the way it works for me is an SD card thing. Ubuntu (linux) can't directly scan like Windows does (or I haven't tried), but it recognizes the SD card by USB. So I suggest getting a scanner that has a usb card.

Anyway, the printer/copier/scanner I use is a HP Photosmart C4680, in case you are interested in it. I use HPLIP to print with Linux.

How do I install Ubuntu Linux to my PC when I have two Hard Drives and don't need to partition?
Q. I've been looking at the Ubuntu Linux site for a while, they tell you how to partition a drive, but not how to set it up for two HD's with a choice of which to boot on startup.

I know I could have the BIOS always pop up on powerup, but is there an easier way?

A. It still need to partition the drive used for Ubuntu.
Actually if you have something on the other drive like Windows, the Ubuntu will put it in the Grub boot Menu. I have XP on one drive and Ubuntu on the other on one of my computers. One word of advise, Windows doesn't play well with others, it will overwrite Grub on other drive without a second thought. So if you reinstall/install Windows unplug the Ubuntu drive during install. If your starting out from scratch install Windows first then Ubuntu, it will save the step of editing /etc/grub/menu.lst to add Windows boot item.



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At school, how can you send a message to another linux computer using the linux version of command prompt?

Q. I have been trying to figure out how to send a message to another linux computer at school for a while now by using the linux version of command prompt. I have tried using the write command but it says I have write abilities disabled. I have also tried using smbclient -M accountnamehere and it always says failiure to connect to whatever account I tried to connect to. Any help would be awesome.

A. Maybe you as a normal user just don't have the rights to do so. It's probably so for security reasons.

What version do I have to start learning linux?
Q. Which version do I have to start learning linux? What version is commonly used in the enterprise? Do all Linux versions have the same command? What is the difference between the versions of linux?

A. Any. All.

Redhat, Debian, and Ubuntu are common in enterprises. CentoOS is a free version of Redhat.

distrowatch.org.


...

What is the command to know the linux version i am using?
Q. I am using a Linux server in command mode, i dont know which linux i am using ie whether it is Fedora Core 1,2,3 or Redh Hat linux Enterpirse or Linux 9.0 Version??

A. username@machine> uname -a
Linux test_machine1 2.4.21-4.ELsmp #1 SMP Fri Oct 3 17:52:56 EDT 2003 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

In this example, the Linux kernel version is 2.4.21-4.


To obtain the Linux glibc version, type the following at the shell command prompt:

username@machine> rpm -q glibc
glibc-2.3.2-95.3

Two alternative methods to obtain glibc version information:
username@machine> /lib/libc.so.6 | head -1
GNU C Library stable release version 2.3.2, by Roland McGrath et al.

username@machine> getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.3.2

If you are using a RedHat Linux distribution, you can find the RedHat release by typing:
usename@machine> cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Linux release 9 (Shrike)



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How do i connect to the Linux command prompt using JAVA code?

Q. Hmm... not sure if u understand wat i mean....
What i want to know is the codes in JAVA to run the things in Linux command prompt... Like when i run the java prog, i want to be able to connect to the command prompt ... (hope u understand... :P)
Thanks a lot... =)

PS: Any useful links will be really appreciated =)

A. I think I know what your trying to say. You want to run a linux command from the the Java Runtime Environment. This command should work.
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(String command);
There is more info at this link http://saloon.javaranch.com/cgi-bin/ubb/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=34&t=003535.

What is the linux command to obtain the PID number of a specific program running?
Q. I'm tired to use the "top" and search around for the PID of a program that I know is running on a remote terminal, left open by someone else, and that I want to kill. I wonder if there is a linux command that would return the PID of only that program.

A. ps aux | grep processname
or
pidof processname

How to enter password by linux command?
Q. As the title.I would like to find out How to enter password by linux command?

eg: when you write a script to sudo root. then you will be asked to enter password.
how can i do it by linux script? Is there a command can do the job?
Thanks in advance.

A. Don't. just run sudo script instead of trying to put sudo into the script.



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How to remove Linux Mint from my flash drive to install a different distro of Linux?

Q. I installed Linux Mint 10 to my flash drive using the UNetBootin program. I only wanted to give it a test run. Now that I know Linux, I want a different distro. I was just wondering if there was a way to take off the Linux OS from my 4 gig flash drive. Thanks!

A. Which ever Linux you decide on should automatically reformat the flash drive and install itself in place of what was already on the flash drive. If not, you would reformat it with the required Linux partitions and install the new one.

How do I establish a linux operatings system that would be similar to windows?
Q. Linux is free right. So if I have to buy a new hardrive, I won't need windows which is expensive. But how do I know which I should use. There seems to be many different linux operating system.

A. There are many flavours so you need to decide what you want to do with it (use it as a server, as a desktop etc). There are distributions who offer Live CD's. You boot up from a Live CD and are able to test that particular distribution without actually having to install it until you decide it's good for you.

Search on the net for tips about choosing a linux distribution.
http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Linux_distribution

Ubuntu should be good for a beginner.

How can I start Linux and what distribution do you think I should use?
Q. I want to use Linux because I have heard that it is significantly better than IE. My entire family is technologically inept and we only have one computer. How do you think I should start and what distribution do you recommend for a beginner who plans on programming and the like?Any helpful suggestions will be appreciated.

A. I thoroughly recommend two Linux distros.

Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is based upon Ubuntu 10.04

Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) which is based upon Debian Lenny/Squeeze

Both are easy to install and use plus they come with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-9-isadora

Linux Mint Debian Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=66

Linux Mint 9/Debian User Guide pdf.
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php
http://linuxmint.com/rel_debian.php

HowTo install Nvidia Graphics Drivers on Debian
http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers#Installapre-builtmodule

Alternatively install Linux Mint as a dual-boot with Windows using mint4win without partitioning mint4win works the same as Wubi as described below (not available on Linux Mint Debian)
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Linux Mint LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the mint4win installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 or Linux Mint Debian then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD/DVD for installation

Linux Mint 9 and Linux Mint Debian can also be run direct from the LiveCD/DVD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive




LUg.



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What is the most basic linux operating system?

Q. What linux distro is the most basic?

I am looking for an operating system that includes:

-command line
-no splash screen when booted
-nothing else.

A. There's no one answer to this question. There are many small Linux distributions. Take your pick.

There's one called Tiny Linux which is pretty small (~7mb).
http://tinylinux.sourceforge.net/
SmallLinux may fit your bill.
http://sourceforge.net/projects/smalllinux/
MuLinux is a minimal distro. It fits on a floppy (1.44mb). Desktop is optional.
http://mulinux.dotsrc.org/
Here's a few lists of other distros that may be what you want. Most of them fit on a floppy disk.
http://www.linuxlinks.com/Distributions/Floppy/
http://computerstuff.jdarx.info/content/floppycd-linux-distributions

If you really want something smaller than that you can make your own distro. But I can't tell you how to do that.

Generally, what are the most commonly used programming languages?
Q. I know my way around Python and Visual Basic. That's about it. I also know some about the Linux command line, especially in Ubuntu context.

Can anyone help me to determine, what are the next several languages I should concern myself with studying?

A. It really shouldn't matter what languages you learn. What's really important is that you learn the patterns and data structures that span all languages. Once you do this, you'll pick up any language in about a couple weeks with no problem. As far as resume building is concerned, I would feel completely confident in landing a development job anywhere with C/C++ skills and a web job with PHP/SQL skills. Generally, C++ is so versatile because you don't have to rely on the underlying runtime frameworks (JRE for java, and .NET for VB/C#) that many companies try to avoid.

Saying that, Java is also a good one to dabble in if you haven't already, though I would not steer too clear of learning how do deal with memory in C/C++.

It's good you know Python, though you'll definitely need a more powerful language if your going to be serious about a career in software.

Get to know how to build makefiles and construct classes and such in C++ on ubuntu. Get to know how to do everything with a command prompt and vi. Once you understand all of this, you become much more powerful as a developer in general.

What is the best linux distribution for learning to use many?
Q. First, a bit about my background.. I currently work as a Network Engineer, mainly with Cisco routers/switches and VPN devices. I am throughly familiar with Windows, both as a workstation and server, and have one more test to go to complete my MCSE. However, I have no real experience with Linux, and feel like this is both a hole in my personal knowledge and in my resume. :) I can do basic user stuff both from a command line and in Xwindows, but have no real command of it.

That said, I intend to rectify this. I want to start using Linux as my primary operating system on my personal PC, as I feel this is a great first step to really force myself to learn it. I need to know what distribution would be best for me to use. My concern is some of them seem to have alot of propriatary tools that are not found in other linux distros, I want to find one to learn on that will best allow me to be comfortable on any linux distro I run into in the future. Thanks much for your advice!

A. Linux truly is a wonderful operating system! If I'm using a PC, I greatly prefer using it to Windows. It's much more stable, secure, etc. But you already knew that. =]

Personally, I would suggest you start out with OpenSuSE. It's easy to use, yet it is very powerful. Its installer is also pretty easy. I recommend that because a lot of businesses that run Linux on their client systems use SuSE (the only difference between that and OpenSuSE is that SuSE contains closed-source programs; therefore, you have to pay for that distro).

I hope this helps! Good luck!



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Any advice on starting a webhosting and computer consulting business?

Q. I have a friend of mine who has offered to set me up with a linux-based VPS, and was thinking of starting a webhosting business with this? In addition I was thinking about doing some consulting like setting up servers for small businesses, setting up home wireless networks, and PC repair? Any advice?

A. I have been self-employed as a systems engineer for over 3 years and the best advice I ever got was don't undervalue your services. It is much easier to give discounts than it will be to raise your rate in the future. Bill for every minute you work and then add lines to your invoice like "New customer discount" or give them a discount if the hit a certain number of hours each month/quarter/year. Be confident in your skills and what they are really worth. Don't give it away. Let them know why you are giving them a discount. The second best advice I got was "A value that is not recognized is no value at all." In other words, if your clients don't know that you are doing something special for them they will come to expect it. List everything you do on your invoice. The final advice is to form a LLC or a business entity that will separate your work from your personal life. If for some reason a client wants to take legal action they will have to take it towards your "company" not you. They cannot go after your personal possessions. Self-employment is awesome! I will never go back to working for the "man". I wish you the best of luck.
I hope this helps.

How to use linux centos terminal basicly?
Q. i have free vps by Host1Free and centos installed. Ok i want to niow how to upload, delete, rename, move, copy, list files using putty when o connect remotelt. To say this simply: i want terminal commands to manage files.

A. Try these links:

http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/cli.html

http://linuxcommand.org/learning_the_shell.php

How to have linux VPS keep running java server?
Q. I have the server an all working.
Minecraft server actually.
But I noticed the server will stop when I close my putty the server will server aswell.
How do I get it to constantly run? Even if my computer is off or not

A. one way would be to use nohup. just start your program with something like:
nohup ./yourprogram
that will keep the program alive, even when you log out. but this will not work with programs that take input from the console.
another way is to use a screen session (if screen is installed). with the command "screen" you start a shell session in which you can then start programs. if you press ctrl+a, ctrl+d (in that order), the session gets detached and will continue after you log out. after logging in, you can resume the session with "screen -r sessionname".
for more informations, try "man screen" or "man nohup".



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I am accessing my home linux box remotely from work. How can I copy files from that linux comp to my local com

Q. I am accessing my home linux computer remotely from my MacBook via SSH. I am behind a NAT, so I don't have a static IP. I want to retrieve some files from that linux box to my MacBook. Is there a reverse SCP command that I can use so that I can SCP the file from my home linux box to my MacBook at work through the already established tunnel?

A. You use scp direct (not through the tunnel). It can copy either way. One option is to log in to your Linux box through ssh, then use scp to the Mac from there. you would need the address of the mac, and forwarding set up at its' router. Alternatively use the scp from the mac console to your Linux machine. You must have its' address if you can ssh to it.

Is there a way to easily shutdown a remote linux server with a shell script?
Q. I have 3 linux servers hooked to my UPS. I can only hook the UPS to one of them. The UPS software will allow me to run a shell script on that one server before it shuts down. And I want that shell script to shut down the other 2 servers. Is this possible?
@ Roland J: I AM FULLY AWARE OF HOW TO SHUTDOWN A LINUX MACHINE.

@ Roland J: Please donât answer a question unless you actually READ the question!!!!! It makes other people think the question is answered, when in reality, your just lazy to even read the full title of the question. (or you donât know what the word âremoteâ means)

I need to know how to shutdown a linux machine REMOTELY.

This means that I want to run a script on LinuxBox1 and have LinuxBox2 (another linux server on same LAN) shut down.

A. Actually SSH would have to be set up first to allow passwordless, login between servers.

I found the solution else where, and just wanted to post it here, in case anyone else stubles on this question looking for an answer.

NOTE: IN THE RESOLUTION BELOW MANY OF THE COMMANDS ARE CUT OFF, OR INCORECTULY SHOW AS TWO LINES. FOLLOW THIS LINK FOR A PROPERLY FORMATED ANSWER.
http://www.justlinux.com/forum/showthread.php?p=863427#post863427

RESOLUTION:
Here's what I did...

First I ssh'd from each machine to each other one. (The first time u ssh to new machine it asked you to accept the machines "fingerprint" and saves it -- this is just so they know who each other are.

Then on the machine I wanted to be able to shutdown FROM I did
[CODE]
cd /root/.ssh/
ssh-keygen -t rsa
[/CODE]
and accepted the default location. (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)
I left the passphrase blank, so it would not be required.

Then basically you just need to copy that "id_rsa" file onto the DESTINATION machine, in the same directory, but named as "authorized_keys". Which can easily be done like this:
[CODE]
scp id_rsa.pub xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys [/CODE]
Where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the IP address or host name of remote machine.

[INDENT]NOTE: You may want to check if a file by that name already exists, on the remote machine, because the above command will overwrite it without warning. -- If you already have a file by that name on the remote machine, I would suggest using command above, but change the file name. Then on the remote machine, append the file you just copied to the existing one. This could easily be done like this: (there may be an even simpler way - but this is what I know)

[CODE]mv /root/.ssh/authorized_keys /root/.ssh/authorized_keys.backup
cat /root/.ssh/authorized_keys.backup /root/.ssh/yourfilename > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
[/CODE]
[/INDENT]

Then make sure the /root/.ssh/authorized_keys file has 600 permissions.
[CODE]
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_ keys
[/CODE]

Then try to ssh to the remote machine.
[CODE]
ssh xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
[/CODE]
And if it works like it did for me -- it will let you right in, with no username or password. If this works correctly, you should be able to remotely run commands through ssh within scripts.

scp files from my school computer to my home computer?
Q. I just purchased an iMac for my home office and I want to copy files from my Linux machine at school to my iMac at home. My iMac is on a wireless router. I open up a terminal and use ssh, but I'm having issues copying files over. I tried scp filename username@home_ip_address:~ but it doesn't work. Any suggestions?

A. on your imac:
scp your_school_account@ \
your_school_machine:/home/juan/filename .
(two lines because Yahoo Answers didn't display it right)

or Charlie Kelly's method:
sftp your_school_account@your_school_machine
get filename

another option is to use a GUI if you prefer:
download Cyberduck, a free FTP client for Macs



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When is Google going to release a real version of Chrome OS?

Q. Not Chrome OS Linux, or from Hexxah, but from Google itself. So far you can only get it if you buy a Chromebook. When is Google going to let us buy a cd or download it? Nothing else is working for me, but Joli OS is a close second.

A. I don't think they will because they want people to buy Chromebooks "...the way you will get Google Chrome OS is by buying a Chromebook that has Google Chrome OS installed by the OEM." http://www.chromium.org/chromium-os/chromium-os-faq but you can also try EasyPeasy http://www.geteasypeasy.com/

What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages to a computer buyer when using one of the?
Q. free operating systems such as google chrome or linux rather than using windows?

A. Windows - people are more accostmed to using windows, it is the business preferred OS.
Linux - Ubuntu - less then user friendly to configure and setup, but stable.
Chrome - new, never used it myself, can't make any suggestions on it....

How do I block websites on my computer?
Q. I use Google Chrome. On a linux machine, though I doubt that's relevant.

This ear I am taking 8 different senior highschool courses, and I have a habit of aimlessly looking for funny things on the internet. I need to block my favorite websites until I'm in good habits. Like putting a padlock on the fridge when you know your weakness.

A. First of all âhostsâ is the name of the file not the folder. Please refer to the screenshot above.

Ok, letâs start from the first step. When you typed
notepad %windir%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts in the run command, were you not able to see the file named âhostsâ getting opened in notepad?

If not, then copy the hosts file from other computer to your targeted computer at the location %windir%\system32\drivers\etc



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What Linux os is the best one to install on a computer?

Q. For people wanting to download media files on? And are all Linux os's free or atleast the good ones? Is there any point of me putting linux on my d drive so I can switch back and fourth from windows 7 to Linux?

A. Most Linux distributions aimed at home/office users are free.
There is no "best". This test will help you decide: http://www.zegeniestudios.net/ldc/
As you are probably a new linux user, I would recommend ubuntu or openSUSE. It can install and configure the GRUB loader for you, which is what you need to dual-boot windows and linux, and yes, you should definitely keep your windows installation.

BTW, All distros are able to download media files, most of them able to play them straight away (I would say all, but then there is Arch and Ubuntu Server ;)).

There's really no reason to think of which distro to choose for too much, most are quite similar. The only major differences between distros are the package managing systems and the pre-installed packages. Anotherdifference is, for example, that in Ubuntu, unlike Debian, you can not su root (=login as superuser) by default. (TTheoreticallyyou can make Debian look and behave exactly like Ubuntu with some configuration work, though.)

How do I install Windows on a Linux OS?
Q. I have the linux os and need windows to run a certain application. I've heard there's a way to have both operating systems simultaneously. How do you put windows on? I'd prefer to have both if possible.

A. This link explains how to set up a dual boot (have both linux and windows on the same computer). You will have to reinstall the linux bootloader after installing windows because the windows bootloader does not recognize linux.
Good luck

How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?
Q. How do i partion my hard drive so i can put the Linux OS(Unbuntu) onto it and choose to boot Linux instead?


Some links would be nice, Thanks!

A. you need to provide more information when you ask a question like this. Assuming you have windows xp installed on your computer:

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dual_boot_windows_xp_and_linux_xp_installed_first.htm

assuming you have vista installed

http://apcmag.com/how_to_dualboot_vista_with_linux_vista_installed_first.htm



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How do I swith operating systems on my laptop?

Q. My friend gave me an Ubuntu/Linux laptop but on the side of it it says Windows Vista. Does that mean It used to be Windows and if so how can I change it back. Please help, I really hate using Linux, it's a piece of trash.

A. Linux is great if you know what you are doing, and it isn't hard to figure out. If you must, though, then there are two possibilities for getting Windows back on it.

1. Ask if it is dual partitioned. If it is, then when you turn it on, when it is still in the BIOS it will give you an option briefly for which system to load. Select Windows and you will load up no problem.

2. If it not dual partitioned you will have to use a Windows OS disk. Those can be about $100+ unless your friend has one.

If you don't like Ubuntu you can try Linux Mint or some other nice operating system for free. Different versions of Linux run different and you might like another version better. You could also Google "free non linux OS" or something of the sort.


If you post your main problem with Ubuntu under additional details, I will recommend something further.

How do I switch my Chromebook back to Linux OS?
Q. I recently bought a Acer C7 Chromebook. The only downfall I could see was that it ran on Chrome OS but I had found I could get ChrUbuntu on it and it would run as a fully functional linux laptop. I did this and it worked but since the Chrome OS still lives on in its own dedicated partition it automatically booted into the Chrome OS when I restarted the computer. I would like to know how to run it back in ChrUbuntu. I know it's still on my computer but I don't know how to boot back into it. Thanks in advance!

A. delete the chrome os & reinstall the chrubintu os

How do I connect Windows and Linux?
Q. I have two laptops behind the same router. Both connect to the internet just fine. One is Windows XP Media Center Edition and the other is Ubuntu 6.06. I'm used to using Windows file sharing to share files between Windows laptops. I want to do something similar now between the Windows and Linux laptop. I just care about reliability, speed, and convenience, not security. What are my options and how do I do it?

A. you need to install samba on your linux machine in order for windows to see your linux files.

on linux, you need to mount the windows share using the mount command. you'll need to use type "cifs".

if you can't figure it out, you could always just use IIS WebDAV on windows and Apache WebDAV on Linux. Same concept and it lets you access files just as you normally would but using the HTTP protocol.



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How to: Schedule my PC to shutdown at a certain time?

Q. Hey!
I just wanted to know how I could make like some sort of task where I could make my PC shutdown/hibernate at a certain hour. However I want it to do this only on certain days of the week. I hope you guys could help me and I'm even willing to install a program to make this possible!

Thanks in advance!

A. Use the "scheduled tasks" item in yoru control panel (Windows - assumed)
Basically, at the command line you would have
> at ( time)
+
> shutdown / (flags /t = time in seconds, mandatory.. other flags, see /?)

so to FORCE a shutdown and a RESTART (just for demo) in 90 seconds
one time, I would do - > shutdown /f /r /t 90

To schedule it for later on, ( /yes - force close if needed)
> AT 2200 /yes /every:Mon,Tue,Wed "shutdown /f /r /t 90"
... or something similar.. I haven't used this in a while, so it may need a tweak with spaces or flags.

It is probably easier - you just check the boxes(for days), fill in the time, and give the command in using the TASK SCHEDULER.

If you are using Mac or Linux (Mac since OSX is BSD Linux underneath).. the similar command would be setting a CRON job ( CRON is closest to AT)

In linux how do I set a time for my computer to shut down?
Q. Is there a way I can leave my computer on to download something but have it set so that it stops the download and shuts down at a certain time?
I'm using dream linux.

A. you can use the command "shutdown -P time". With this command, the computer will shutdown after the given time in minutes. For ex: "Shutdown -P 30" will turn off the computer after 30 minutes

Other possibilities are to use "at" or "cron",
"at" will automatically perform a given command at the given time only once (remember that: only once).
"cron" will repetitively perform the given command at every given time (for ex: every hour, every day or every month, etc...
For explication of "at" and "cron": you can see this page: http://www.linux.org/lessons/interm/c622.html

In your situation, Using "shutdown" is the best because your task isn't repetitive and "shutdown" is much more easier to use than "at" or "cron".

Can I delete a file I want to delete using Puppy Linux LIVE CD ?
Q. I've got vista installed and 3 files that are virus like and are hidden. I can see them when i boot my pc from live cd puppy linux When i double clicked those files and chose delete>quite they were gone. However when I tried to shutdown my pc it asked if i want to save it, i chose i dont because i used live cd , when i run vista again I saw those files i deleted are there again !

Any help?

A. Yes, you can, you need to clean the Trash before to reboot your machine. You can to delete files using the Terminal (or Console) too, with command line, enter in the windows vista installed disk with the Terminal and tip the full path to files you want to delete. But atention, take care with this, it is not possible to recover the files once deleted.

The comand line is:

rm -rf /path to virus file

If you have a doubt, send me a private message, ok?



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How do I convert my musical technology on my laptop into hardware?

Q. I have a linux laptop with synthesizers, loopers, etc. The laptop is a pain in the ass and 70% of the time I spend with it is troubleshooting. I was wondering if anybody has or had a setup with a looper, synthesiser, and drum machine that is all hardware. I also need to know where to find these. I am also not quite sure about something else: Would a midi keyboard work with a hardware synthesiser and looper. Much appreciation if this question is answered.

A. There are several stand-alone sequencers like the Yamaha QY series. Also, several beat boxes like Korg's Electribe series will output midi data which allows them to be used as both a source of sounds and a sequencer for other drum machines.

I too do not like using laptops live (although I have.) Too many thing to go wrong. If you do end up using a laptop, keep it simple with only a midi sequencer running (like Cakewalk, Cubase, Sonar, etc.) Once you get softsynths running, you're maximizing CPU and memeory resources and running the risk of a crash.

As far as loopers, there are several stand-alone models like the Boss LoopStation. Synthesizer workstation like the Roland Fantom or Yamaha Motif will also play loops, although those types of keyboards are very expensive.

Good Luck!

how can i install itunes on my linux laptop?
Q. i have a linux laptop and i want to put itunes on it i have tried downloading it but when ever i click on it the internet comes up with lots of taps any help?

A. Take a look at these open source options

Rhythmbox
http://projects.gnome.org/rhythmbox/

gtkpod (good for syncing)
http://www.gtkpod.org/about.html

Songbird
http://www.getsongbird.com/

aTunes
http://www.atunes.org/


LUg.

How do I swith operating systems on my laptop?
Q. My friend gave me an Ubuntu/Linux laptop but on the side of it it says Windows Vista. Does that mean It used to be Windows and if so how can I change it back. Please help, I really hate using Linux, it's a piece of trash.

A. Linux is great if you know what you are doing, and it isn't hard to figure out. If you must, though, then there are two possibilities for getting Windows back on it.

1. Ask if it is dual partitioned. If it is, then when you turn it on, when it is still in the BIOS it will give you an option briefly for which system to load. Select Windows and you will load up no problem.

2. If it not dual partitioned you will have to use a Windows OS disk. Those can be about $100+ unless your friend has one.

If you don't like Ubuntu you can try Linux Mint or some other nice operating system for free. Different versions of Linux run different and you might like another version better. You could also Google "free non linux OS" or something of the sort.


If you post your main problem with Ubuntu under additional details, I will recommend something further.



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How do i use a kindle fire as a computer tablet?

Q. AI have a kindle fire 2. I am in drawing and stuff, but i really need a tablet. SO i asked one of my friends if a kindle fire can be used for a computer tablet. she said yes. I can't find anywhere with that kind of information. I need help.

A. A kindle fire uses type of linux like an android operating system. You can buy applications from Amazon and they run just like apps on a tablet. Just look for them on the kindle store.

What are some cheap graphics tablets for drawing on a computer?
Q. I want reliability and cost -$50. I'm inexperienced with digital art so if you could also share what problems may arise please inform me. I use Mac and Linux, not Windows.

A. There are very few for $50 unless you find something on eBay or get one that is used and very small size. This one is around $53: http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16823166106&cm_re=graphic_tablet-_-23-166-106-_-Product

Others: http://www.newegg.com/Product/ProductList.aspx?Submit=ENE&IsNodeId=1&Description=graphic%20tablet&bop=And&Order=BESTMATCH&PageSize=100

Ron

What art programs can you use on an Android Tablet?
Q. I just got an android tablet and wanted to start doing a little more art like drawing and stuff and was wondering if I could download something like GIMP,PSE, ect.

A. You cant use GIMP and Photoshop Elements in Android tablets. You can only use them on Macs, Windows, and (for GIMP only) on Linux operating systems.



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